Binance has released a detailed post-mortem report and followed up with a public AMA from founder Changpeng Zhao, formally rejecting claims that the exchange caused the October 10, 2025 cryptocurrency flash crash.
The exchange characterized the episode as a systemic, macro-driven risk-off event, arguing that market structure and external shocks, not platform failures, were responsible for the violent price dislocations.
The clarification comes months after the crash, which triggered approximately $19 billion in liquidations across global crypto markets, reigniting scrutiny around leverage, liquidity, and exchange infrastructure during stress events.
Binance’s View: A Market-Wide Liquidity Shock
According to Binance, the initial catalyst was macroeconomic, not technical. On the same day as the crypto sell-off, U.S. equity markets shed roughly $1.5 trillion in market value, signaling a synchronized risk-off move across asset classes.
As volatility spiked, market makers activated automated risk controls, temporarily pulling liquidity from order books across multiple exchanges. Binance described this as a “liquidity vacuum”, where reduced depth magnified price swings rather than reflecting any single venue’s malfunction.
Compounding the issue, Ethereum network congestion surged during the sell-off. Gas fees reportedly spiked above 100 gwei, delaying block confirmations and disrupting cross-exchange arbitrage. With arbitrageurs sidelined, price discrepancies widened instead of being quickly neutralized.
Finally, Binance pointed to excessive leverage as a structural accelerant. At the time, total open interest across the market exceeded $100 billion, allowing relatively modest spot moves to cascade into forced liquidations once key levels broke.
Internal Strains Acknowledged, but Not as the Cause
While denying responsibility for triggering the crash, Binance acknowledged that two internal technical strainsoccurred during the episode, emphasizing that both followed the primary price collapse rather than preceded it.
First, an internal system responsible for transfers between Spot, Earn, and Futures wallets experienced degradation for roughly 33 minutes. The issue was attributed to database saturation caused by traffic surging to five to ten times normal levels, slowing fund movements at a critical moment.
Second, Binance identified temporary index price deviations affecting three collateral assets, USDe, BNSOL, and WBETH. These assets briefly de-pegged because their index calculations were overweight on Binance’s own order books, rather than fully anchored to broader market pricing during the liquidity drought.
Compensation and Remediation Measures
Binance stated that it has already taken substantial steps to address both the technical issues and user impact.
The exchange paid more than $328 million in direct compensation to users affected by the index deviations and transfer delays, revising an earlier estimate of $283 million. In addition, Binance launched the “Together Initiative”, a $300 million discretionary goodwill program introduced on October 14, 2025, distributing USDC vouchers to users who suffered severe forced liquidations due to extreme market volatility, regardless of whether a platform issue was involved.
On the infrastructure side, remediation efforts included API caching upgrades, expanded database capacity, and tighter index deviation safeguards, aimed at reducing the probability of similar anomalies during future stress events.
CZ Pushes Back on Allegations
Speaking on January 30, 2026, Zhao described claims that Binance engineered or caused the crash as “absurd” and “far-fetched.” He emphasized that Binance operates under regulatory oversight in Abu Dhabi and remains subject to a U.S. monitorship, arguing that systemic manipulation would be incompatible with that framework.
Market Takeaway
Binance’s post-mortem frames the October 2025 flash crash as a textbook example of macro shock meeting fragile market structure, where leverage, liquidity withdrawal, and network congestion interact to produce outsized moves. While the exchange conceded internal stress under extreme load, it maintains that these issues were secondary effects, not root causes.
For the broader crypto market, the episode reinforces familiar lessons: leverage amplifies risk, liquidity can vanish when it’s needed most, and infrastructure resilience matters as much as price discovery when volatility spikes.
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